| [Ⅶ]Themes for tanka composition(5) (Intermediate courseⅡ) (6) Tanka in June（2004）平成16年 (7/17-8/15) “The coolness under the trees or groves” In this chapter, I will try to discuss how tanka should be composed in Minazuki [June] (7/17-8/15). The most suitable theme on which to compose tanka this month, in which we have the hottest days, is "Yudachi" or 'Evening showers'. In the previous, primer, course, I suggested you compose tanka on the themes, in which you can describe how clear and cool it becomes even in this hot season, such as 'Evening showers', 'The clear sky after a shower', and 'Evening showers in the distance'. But it is not only evening showers that bring us coolness in summer. Such conditions or situations as being beside a stream, under the shade of trees or groves, and in the evening, it can feel so cool of itself. So, in this course, I hope you can compose on these themes, 'The coolness beside the stream', 'The coolness under the trees or groves', and 'The coolness in the evening'. As I suggested you compose tanka on the theme, 'The coolness beside the stream' last year, this time, I hope you can compose on the theme, “The coolness under the trees or groves”. Here, I will show you the following tanka, which are composed by monk Saigyo (1118-1190) from the collection, Shin-kokin-shu, Kino Tsurayuki (872? -945) and Oshikohi no Mitsune (?-900-?) from Shuishu, and myself on this theme. The tanka by Saigyo is so famous that the willow tree, from which a noh story was written, still remains in Shirakawa, Fukushima-prefecture. I have visited and admired it before. Whenever one reads this tanka, it makes one feel the coolness. In tanka by by Kino Tsurayuki, the author expresses his impression when he steps into the deep groves in the mountain on a hottest day in summer because it’s so cool that nobody hesitates to stay there for a while at least. But in his tanka he composed that passengers stayed there long because of coolness. In tanka by by Oshikochi no Mitsune , this author also expresses same impression above. That is, he want to leave the place under the pleasant shade of the trees even though he must walk long way to his terminal spot. Each of the these examples serves to remind you of the experiences where you felt cool before on the hottest day in summer. I hope you can compose tanka on such experiences where you felt coo, especially on the hottest day in summer. 道の辺に清水流るゝ柳陰しはしとてこそ立ち止まりつれ Staying for a while/ under the willow tree, which stands by the cool stream/ running along the pavement, I've stopped long as it's so cool. by monk Saigyo 夏山の陰を茂みや玉鉾の道ゆき人も立ち止まるらん Any wayfarer/ would also stop here so long, now that it's so cool/ under the shade of deep groves in the mountains in summer. by Kino Tsurayuki ゆく末はまた遠けれと夏山の木の下陰はたちうかりけり Although I have yet/ a long itinerary I would hate to leave/ the pleasant shade of the trees in the mountains in summer. by Oshikochi no Mitsune 野良の手を休めて栗の木陰にて暫し休まは転寝の夢 I will snooze so soon,/ should I stay under the shade of the grand nut tree/ after I stop my labor even for such a short while. by Shukuya Mutsuo |
第七章（～歌の主題 5～）[中級講座Ⅱ] 第6節：水無月の歌「樹陰納涼」（じゅいんんおどうりょう） 今回は水無月の歌を詠んで戴く。水無月といえば、まず暑さが極まって大暑を迎える月である。この暑さに清涼感を与えるものの一つに「夕立」である。そこで、初級講座では、その清清しい清涼感を詠む歌題に「夕立」「夕立晴」「遠夕立」を詠んで戴いた。しかし、暑さに清涼感を与えるものは他にもある。川辺や樹陰、そして夕方になれば自ずから涼しくなる。そこで、中級講座では「川辺納涼」「樹陰納涼」「夕納涼」を順次に詠んで戴いている。今回は「樹陰納涼」を詠んで戴く。 「樹陰納涼」を歌題に、新古今和歌集から西行法師、拾遺集から紀貫之と凡河内躬恒の歌、そして私の歌を例歌としてみた。 西行法師の歌は「道の辺に清水が流るている柳の木陰よ。しばらく休もうと思って立ち止まったのであるが、余り涼しいので、つい時を過ごしてしまった」という意味の極めて有名な歌である。謡曲「遊行柳」にも、この歌を詠んだ柳が登場する。今でも白河の関へ行くと田圃のあぜ道にこの柳が現存する。「川辺納涼」を題意も加味しつつ、読者に清涼感を連想させる歌である。 紀貫之の歌は「木が茂っている夏山の道中、涼しさのあまり旅人も立ち止まって行くだろう」という意味の歌で、西行法師の歌と同様、読者に清涼感を連想させる歌である。 凡河内躬恒の歌は「旅の途中、その行く先はまだ果てしなく遠方にはあるが、木陰に一旦休んでしまうと、旅を続けなければならないとはいえ、涼しさのあまり、もう立ち上がりたくなくなってしまった」という意味の歌で、読者にも作者の心情を共感させられる歌である。 私の歌は「野良の手を休めて、栗の木陰で暫らく休もうと思って、横になったら、そのまま転寝をして束の間の夢の中に入ってしまった」という意味の歌で、子供の頃は裏庭には大きな栗の木が３本植わっていて、秋になると広い土間に30センチも高く積み上げるほど稔ったものである。その栗の木陰の下は直ぐに横になれる草原になっていて、畑仕事が疲れるとその合い間によく横になって転寝ををしたものであるが、その時の様子を詠んだものである。 いずれも、夏の暑い日に樹陰の清涼感を思い余すところなく詠み上げている作品である。 Plaza-Plaza Tanka Cornerプラザ歌壇入選者 ①小林和歌子②林田幸子③本儀良雄④宿谷政枝 ①鶴見川橋の袂の木の陰に休まは涼し夏の旅路も I can feel so cool/ when I take a rest standing under the big tree/ by the bridge crossing the stream, Tsurumi, on my way home. by Wakako Kobayashi ②茂り合ふ森の木陰に佇めは薄き袂に風の涼しき When I stand under/ the large trees in the forest, the breeze, which also/ sets my thin sleeves fluttering, can be felt so much cooler. by Sachiko Hayashida ③風に揺れる青葉若葉の森の道筧の水の音も涼しき When I walk along/ the road shaded by big trees in the deep forest,/ murmurings which run through tubes sound cool as well as the breeze. by Yoshio Motogi ④長路越へ故郷の山木の下の陰に憩はは立ち憂かりけり As I have just walked/ away to my home village, I would hate to leave/ the pleasant shade of trees once I stop to take a rest. by Masae Shukuya |
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| 古典短歌講座（第１版） Classical Tanka composition in English (1) |
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