| [VI]Themes for tanka composition (4) (Intermediate course I) (7) Tanka in July （2003）平成15年(7/29-8/27) “The first autumn breeze” In this chapter, I will try to discuss how tanka should be composed in Fuzuki[July](7/29-8/27), in which autumn begins. The most suitable themes on which to compose tanka this month are "The morning glory", "The common reed" and "The Japanese bush clover", as I mentioned before. Autumn is also the season that the dewdrops, which come out of moisture in the air, lie on the leaves in either the morning or evening. So, in the previous, primer, course, I suggested you compose tanka on the theme, "The morning glory", "The wind blowing over the common reed" and "The dewdrops in the morning". Furthermore, the breeze will also change as soos as autumn has arrived. I will show you the following tanka by Fujiwara no Toshiyuki(?-901), which reminds that "breeze" tells us autumn has really arrived. None has anywhere/ a clue of the arrival of autumn except/ the sound of breeze fluttering, which recalls it to my mind. by Fujiwara no Toshiyuki So, here I will show you the following tanka, which are composed by Sutoku-in(1118-1164), Fujiwara no Ietaka(1157-1237), monk Sigyo(1118-1190) and myself on the theme, “The first autumn breeze”. Sutoku-in quoted a phrase from the following tanka by Oe no Yoshitoki(?-?) in Shika-shu when composing his tanka: Plenty of dew drops/ overflows from each leaf of the young common reeds,/ because the breeze blows so hard which tells me autumn has come. by Oe no Yoshitoki In tanka by Fujiwara no Ietaka, the author composed it after he got up early in the morning on the first day of autumn during his tour and he expresses what he feels when he found autumn has arrived. In tanka by monk Saigyo, the author composed it in order to express how autumn moves even such people as have no idea or feelings whatever they see, as well as the other, following tanka by himself: Whenever I see/ the mountain stream’s scenery of autumn’s evening,/ from shore from which snipes take wings, it surpasses all others. by monk Saigyo いつしかと荻の葉向けの片よりにそそや秋とそ風も聞ゆる Seein that grasses,/ the common reeds bow deeply facing the same way,/ I myself find such breezes tell me autumn has arrived. by Sutoku-in 明けぬるか衣手寒し菅原や伏見の里の秋の初風 I got up early/ to find myself very chilled in the village of/ Fushimi, Sugawara. -- Has day broken, I wonder? by Fujiwara no Ietaka おしなへてものを思はぬ人にさへ心をつくる秋の初風 The first autumn breeze/ is so cool that such a man, who is not able/ to appreciate beauty, can also feel what it is. by monk Saigyo |
夕されは玉露こほる故郷の萩の末葉をゆする秋風 After the sun sets,/ the twigs of the bush clovers bearing much dew drops/ are fluttering in my town in the first autumn cool breeze. by Mutsuo Shukuya 第六章 （～歌の主題 4～）[中級講座I] 第7節：文月の歌「秋初風」（あきのはつかぜ） 今回は文月の歌を詠んで戴く。旧暦では文月は秋の始まりである。文月には秋を告げる花として「槿」「荻」「萩」がある。また、秋といえば空中の水蒸気が冷えて生じた露が朝夕草花に下りる季節である。そこで、初級講座では「槿」「荻風」「朝露」の歌を詠んで戴いた。秋はまた風にも変化をもたらす。古今和歌集・秋の部の最初の歌に藤原敏行の「秋来ぬと目にはさやかに見えねとも風の音にそおとろかれぬる」という歌がある。 そこで、中級講座の第一回目では秋の到来を告げる歌題「秋初風」で歌を詠んで戴く。「秋初風」を歌題に祟徳院、藤原家隆、西行法師と私の歌を例歌としてみた。 祟徳院の歌は「いつのまにか、荻の葉が一方に向けてなびき、風もそそと音を立てて、さては秋だと聞こえることだ」という意味の歌で、荻の葉に吹く風に秋の到来を感じとった歌である。また、詞花集に出てくる「荻の葉にそそや秋風吹きぬなりこほれやしぬる露の白玉」という大江嘉言の歌を本歌としている。 藤原家隆の歌は「夜はもう明けてしまったのか。衣の袖が寒い。菅原の伏見の里に吹く秋の初風は」という意味の歌で、旅寝をして迎えた立秋の夜明けの趣を詠んだ歌である。 西行法師の歌は「秋の初風は物思いをしない人にさえ物思いの心を起こさせる」という意味の歌で、「三夕の歌」の一つで、同じく西行が詠んだ「鴫立つ澤の秋の夕暮はものの情趣を感じる心の無い者にもそれを起こさせてくれる」という意味の「心なき身にもあはれは知られけり鴫立つ澤の秋の夕暮れ」という歌とも相通ずる心境の歌である。 最後の私の歌は「故郷の秋の夕暮れは、風が吹いてくると野辺の萩の葉の先に玉のようになって降りた露がこぼれ落ちて行く」という意味の歌である。 Plaza-Plaza Tanka Cornerプラザ歌壇入選者 ①佐野正子②山本浄月③ブルース・ワイマン④宿谷政枝 ①唐衣ひも夕暮に君待ては袖吹き返す荻の上風 As I wait for you,/ on this evening so chill that I should wear a coat,/ my sleeves flutters in the breeze blowing through the common reeds. by Masako Sano ②晴れ渡る野分の後の薄野に虫の音さそふ秋の初風 After the typhoon,/ in the wild field covered with the long silver grass,/ where the insects are chirping, a breeze has begun blowing. by Jyogetu Yamamoto ③Now that the color/ of the sky is blue down to the horizon's edge,/ the breeze that brushes my cheek somehow seems more refreshing. by Bruce Wyman (青々とくまなく空は晴れ渡り頬吹く風のなとか涼しき) ④朝ほらけ露置き初むる我庭の萩の末葉に通ふ秋風 Already the breeze/ has begun fluttering cool over the surface/ of bush clovers in my garden upon which great dew drops lie. by Masae Shukuya |
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| 古典短歌講座（第１版） Classical Tanka composition in English (1) |
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