| [IV]Themes for tanka composition(2)(Junior courseⅡ) (5) Tanka in May （2001）平成13年(6/21-7/20) “The fireflies flying round a stream” In this chapter, I will try to discuss how tanka should be composed in Satsuki[May](6/21-7/20). The most suitable theme on which to compose tanka this month is Hotaru(The fireflies). As the fireflies begin to fly around early in May, I suggested you compose tanka on the theme, "The fireflies" last year. This time I hope you can compose on the more limited theme, "The fireflies flying round a stream". As I quoted last year from the essay, "Makura-no-Soshi" by Sei-shonagon(?-1000-?), she mentions how we feel elegant when the fireflies fly about. So, you can compose tanka more easily on this theme. The theme, "The fireflies" has been often used by lovers to show their love, as in the following tanka by Shigeyuki Minamoto(?-1000-?). There is more pathos/ for the firefly who only shines their love never/ to tell others their love than for insects who can do so. by Shigeyuki Minamoto Furthermore, this theme is also used as an example of people who cannot hide their feelings especially love although they try to do so, as in the following tanka by Kanemori Taira(?-990) in Hyakunin isshu or ONE HUNDREDS POEMS BY ONE HUNDREDS POETS. I would like show to two tanka as well as tanka by Kanemori Taira. One of them is by anonymous and the other by Jien(1155-1225), both of which also follow in this theme. Even though I hide/ my own heart's love of someone, my face seems to show:/ whoever I meet asks me, “Are you troubled by something?” by Kanemori Taira Trying to hide it,/ things which summer insects don't; for theirs are feelings/ that appear from their body without any attention. anonymous Though nobody is/ more little than the fireflies as far as I know/ when it comes to their feelings, they can show their love as light. by Jien Now, let me show you more tanka, which are composed by Izumi Shikibu, Shunzei Fujiwara(1114-1202), Tadayoshi Fujiwara(1164-1225) and myself on the theme, “The fireflies flying round a stream”. 物思へは澤の蛍も我身よりあくかれ出る魂かそと見る Fireflies must look like/ pieces of my own spirit going now adrift/ from my sensitive body whenever I think of you. by Izumi Shikibu 深からぬ澤の蛍の思いたに身よりあまるは哀れならすや Isn't it elegant?/ --to show their feelings as light even if fireflies/ flying about round the stream never emit it enough. by Shunzei Fujiwara 乱れ飛ふ澤の蛍は秋近し空行く月の夏の夕暮れ Autumn is coming;/ fireflies are flying about round a stream on the/ evening of a summer day when the moon runs in the sky. by Tadayoshi Fujiwara |
山間の澤も静かに黄昏て岸辺の葦に蛍飛ひ交ふ As it gets darker/ in the deep mountain vally, more and more fireflies/ fly about among the reeds around the shore of the stream. by Mutsuo Shukuya 第四章（～歌の主題 2～）[初級講座Ⅱ] 第5節：皐月の歌「澤蛍」（さはのほたる） 今回は皐月の歌を詠んで戴く。旧暦では皐月は夏の半ばである。皐月といえば、まず「蛍」が主題となる。蛍は皐月の前半に飛び交い始める。「枕草子」の中で清少納言も「夏は夜。月のころはさらなり、やみもなほ、蛍の多く飛びちがひたる。また、ただ一つ二つなど、ほのかにうち光りて行くもをかし。」と趣の深いことを述べている。歌題として昨年はただの「蛍」を詠んで戴いたが、今年は「澤蛍」を詠んで戴く。 蛍が光を放っている様子は、しばしば恋に自分の身を焦がしている喩えとして歌に詠まれている。源重之の歌に「音もせで思ひに燃ゆる蛍こそ鳴く虫よりも哀れなりけれ」という歌がある。これは「自由に言葉に出して恋の思いを相手に打ち明けることの出来る虫よりも、自分と同じように恋の思いを打ち明けることが出来ないで、ただ心の中だけでその思いを燃焼させている蛍ほど哀れなものはない」と、自分の恋心を相手に打ち明けられない哀れさを詠んだものである。 また、百人一首の中で、平兼盛が「しのぶれど色にいでにけりわが恋は物や思ふと人の問ふまで」と詠んでいるが、その表現を婉曲的に表すために、蛍は「隠しても思いが外に出てしまう」という喩えにしばしば用いられる。例歌として、「包めとも隠れぬものは夏虫の身よりあまれる思ひなりけり」というよみ人しらずの歌と「下もえの思ひは誰も劣らねと色に出るは蛍なりけり」という慈円の歌である。 「澤蛍」の歌題に、和泉式部、藤原俊成、藤原忠良と私の歌を例歌としてみた。藤原忠良と私の歌は単なる情景描写におわっているのに対して、和泉式部と藤原俊成の歌は蛍が光を放っている様子を人の思いと掛けて表現している。以上の歌を参照して「澤蛍」を詠んで戴く。 Plaza-Plaza Tanka Cornerプラザ歌壇入選者 ①小林和歌子②関弘子③高山薫④山本綾子 ①小夜更けて谷水に影写しつゝ澤の蛍は珠と輝く After night grows late/ the fireflies are still floating like sparkling jewels/ reflecting themselves in the surface of a mountain stream. by Wakako Kobayashi ②夕去れは澤辺に深く苔を生す岩間にあまた蛍飛び交ふ Among the big rocks,/ on which the moss gathers deep, along the river/ the fireflies have fluttered out as soon as the bright sun set. by Hiroko Seki ③二つ三つ水面に影を写しつゝ涼し澤辺を 蛍飛び行く Two or three fireflies/ are flying ahead slowly along the cool stream/reflecting their shimmerings on the surface of the stream. by Kaoru Takayama ④夏の夜月は出ねと澤の辺に影を映すや 蛍飛ひ交ふ Along the stream's banks/ fireflies are flying about as if the moonlight/ were reflected on the grass, though the moon hasn't risen. by Ayako Yamamoto |
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| 古典短歌講座（第１版） Classical Tanka composition in English (1) |
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