| [IV]Themes for tanka composition(2)(Junior courseⅡ) (2) Tanka in February（2001）平成13年(2/23-3/24) The cherry blossom viewing in a famous place” In this chapter, I will try to discuss how tanka should be composed in Kisaragi[February](2/23-3/24). The most suitable theme on which to compose tanka is Sakura(cherry blossom). As sakura loosens into bloom later in Kisaragi, I suggested you to compose tanka on the theme, "Longing to see the cherry blossoms" last year. This time I hope you can do on an easier theme, “The cherry blossom viewing in a famous place,” where you visited last year or have visited before. This is also connected with a technique for tanka composition, "Utamakura", which I explained on (Junior course I) (5) Tanka in May last year. So, Mount. Hira is also famous place for cherry blossoms as well as winds, as I quoted the tanka by Kunaikyo(?-1203-?). At the head of the list of famous places for cherry blossoms is, of course, Mt. Yoshino. But there are others such as Mt. Takama or Mt. Kongo, Mt. Tatsuta and Katano Field. Mt. Takama is the highest mountain in the Kazuragi mountains located in western area of Nara prefecture, and Mt. Tatsuta is located in front of Mt. Takama. Katano Field is located all around Hirakata-city in Osaka prefecture. Here, I will show you the following tanka, which were composed in each place by Saigyo(1118-1190), Jyakuren(?-1202) and Shunzei Fujiwara(114-1202). In Mt. Yoshino/ to watch the cherry blossoms I want to visit/ another path, though I marked this one with a twig last year. by Saigyo The cherry blossoms/ all around Mt. Takama in Katsuragi/ seem to be in best season: --clouds beyond Mt. Tatsuta. by Jyakuren Could I see this scene,/ where the cherry blossoms in the Katano Field/ are falling like snows at dawn in spring more than once? --but not. by Shunzei Fujiwara Furthermore, for your tanka composition I will show you others such as Mt. Nagara by Tadanori Taira(1144-1184), a barrier station, "Nakoso" by Yoshiie Minamoto(1041-1106) and a field, Sagano in Kyoto by a fellow pupil, Michiko Reizei and myself. (Hirosawa is in Sagano) 小波や 滋賀の都は あれにしを 昔ながらの 山櫻かな Shiga capital/ is completely ruined, but the cherry blossoms/ on Mt. Nagara are still in full bloom as they were then. by Tadanori Taira 吹く風を 勿来の関と 思へども 道もせに散る 山櫻かな Here is Nakoso/ that nobody can visit, but I have called at so that the cherry blossoms' petals fill up all the road. by Yoshiie Minamoto 名にし負ふ嵯峨野の春を訪ぬれは今を盛りと櫻染めゆく The cherry blossoms/ in Saga Field in spring, which is famous for them,/ are at their best as if they were covered with pink-dyed clothes. by Michiko Reizei 名にし負ふ 広沢の池 小波の 寄する岸辺に 匂ふ花の香 I'm walking along/ the famous rippling swamp shore, Hirosawa, while/ the breezes also bring me the scent of cherry blossoms. by Mutsuo Shukuya |
第四章（～歌の主題 2～）[初級講座Ⅱ] 第2節：如月「名所花」（めいしょのはな） 今回は如月の歌を詠んで戴く。如月といえば、まず櫻が主題となる。櫻は如月の後半になって咲き始める。歌題として昨年は「待花」を詠んで戴いたが、今年は「名所花」を詠んで戴く。櫻の名所は読者に優雅な連想を広げる「歌枕」という修辞法にも繋がるものである。前回、[初級講座I]第三章の第5節で紹介した宮内卿の「花誘ふ比良の山風吹きにけり漕ぎゆく舟の跡見ゆるまで」の歌に出てくる「比良山」も櫻の名所の一つである。櫻の名所と言えば「吉野山」を筆頭に「高間山（金剛山）と立田山」「交野の御野」がある。 高間山は奈良県西部の葛城山脈の最高峰で、立田山はその手前の山である。交野の御野は大阪府枚方市一帯の平野で、朝廷の御料地があったところから御野と敬称された。これらは多くの歌人によって歌が詠まれているが、ここではそれぞれの名所を詠んだ西行法師、寂蓮法師と藤原俊成の歌を紹介する。 まず、西行の歌は「吉野山では、去年花見の時に目印の為に枝を折っておいた道ではない、まだ見ていない方角の花を尋ねていこう」という意味の「吉野山去年のしをりの道かへてまだ見ぬ方の花を尋ねむ」という歌である。次に寂蓮法師の歌は「葛城連峰の高間山の櫻が咲いたことだ。立田山の奥にはその櫻を思わせる白雲がかかっている」という意味の「葛城や高間の櫻咲きにけり立田の奥にかかる白雲」という歌である。次に藤原俊成の歌は「再び見ることが出来るだろうか。交野の御野の櫻を尋ねてきて出会った櫻が雪のように散る春の夜明けの美しい眺めは」という意味の「またや見む交野の御野の櫻狩花の雪散る春の曙」という歌である。 他に、例歌として、「故郷の花」の題で詠んだ「昔ながら」という言葉とかけて滋賀県大津市にある「長等山」の櫻を詠んだ平忠度の歌、同音異義の言葉を活用して二重の意味を持たせる技法の内、「名詞と動詞」の組み合わせを用いた「掛詞」も用いて、「来ては行けない」という禁止の意味を持つ動詞「な来そ」と「勿来の関」の名詞を掛けて、歌題「名所花」を詠んだ源義家の歌、「嵯峨野」の櫻を詠んだ歌の同門の冷泉美智子氏と私の歌を例歌としてみた。（広沢の池は嵯峨野にある） Plaza-Plaza Tanka Cornerプラザ歌壇入選者 ①小林和歌子②関弘子③宿谷政枝④畠貞子 ①名にし負ふ 吉野の山の 櫻花 霞に煙る 谷も染めゆく The cherry blossoms/ on great Mt. Yoshino, whose whole vallys being/ covered with haze are dyed pink, as well as its slopes and peak. by Wakako Kobayashi ②夢に見し吉野の里を訪なはは今年も花の主と語らむ If only I could/ visit Mt. Yoshino, which I did in my dream,/ I would comunicate with the goddess of cherry trees. by Hiroko Seki ③吉野山今を盛りと櫻花吹く春風に匂ふ花の香 Mt. Yoshino is/ covered with cherry blossoms, which are in full bloom,/ as I now visit it, while the breeze brings me their sweet scent. by Masae Shukuya ④幾度か訪ねしものを今年また吉野の山の花と過こしぬ Though I have often/ visited Mt. Yoshino, In order to watch/ the cherry blossoms in bloom, I came here again this year. by Teiko Hata In a tanka by Yoshiie Minamoto a technique, “Kake-Kotoba,” which stands for a word that holds two different meanings at once though it sounds the same when we read it, is used: a place name, “Nakoso” and a verb “never visit” |
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| 古典短歌講座（第１版） Classical Tanka composition in English (1) |
| プラボットの異端児（短歌入門部屋）に戻る 当サイトはリンクフリーです、どうぞご自由に。 Copyright(c) 2010 Yoshihiro Kuromichi(plabotnoitanji@yahoo.co.jp) |
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